eSIM Network Map: Which Network Your eSIM Actually Uses
Travel eSIMs do not own towers, they resell local carriers. In 62 of the 159 destinations we checked, Airalo, Holafly and Nomad all reach the same network, so their coverage claims describe identical signal. In 97 they split, and in 14 no two overlap at all.
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Your travel eSIM is not a network. It is a reseller riding a local carrier's towers, and which carrier that is changes by country and by provider. We pulled the network behind every plan across our 159 destination guides, 476 provider-network pairings in total. In 62 countries all three providers reach at least one shared carrier, so the decision comes down to price and hotspot rules. In the other 97, they split, and in 14 of those no two providers touch the same network at all: Germany, the UK, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Senegal, Kazakhstan, Bali, Hong Kong, Indonesia, South Korea, Australia, Puerto Rico, US Virgin Islands and Honduras. In those places the provider you pick is a coverage decision, not a pricing one.
The map
Search for a country or filter by region. Each row shows the local network operators, then the carrier each travel eSIM actually registers on. Country names link through to the full guide.
| Country | Local leader | Airalo rides | Nomad rides | Holafly rides | Coverage pick |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Andorra Telecom | Andorra Telecom (Mobiland) | Andorra Telecom (Mobiland) | Andorra Telecom (Mobiland) | Same | |
| A1 | A1 | A1 / Magenta | A1 / Magenta | Same | |
| Proximus | Proximus and BASE | Orange Belgium and Proximus | Proximus | Same | |
| Orange | Bouygues / SFR | Orange / SFR | Orange | Differs | |
| Deutsche Telekom | Deutsche Telekom | Vodafone | O2 | Differs | |
| Gibtelecom | Gibtelecom | Gibtelecom | Gibtelecom | Same | |
| Vodafone | Three / Eir / Vodafone | Three / Vodafone | Vodafone / Three / Eir | Same | |
| FL1 | Telecom Liechtenstein (FL1) | FL1 / 7acht (Salt Liechtenstein) | FL1 / Salt Liechtenstein | Differs | |
| POST | Orange Luxembourg | Tango (Proximus) / Orange | POST / Tango (Proximus) / Orange | Differs | |
| Monaco Telecom | Monaco Telecom | Monaco Telecom | Monaco Telecom | Same | |
| KPN | KPN / Odido | Odido / KPN | KPN / Vodafone | Same | |
| MEO | NOS / MEO | Vodafone Portugal | MEO | Differs | |
| Movistar | Vodafone Spain / Orange Spain | Orange Spain / Movistar | Movistar / Orange Spain | Same | |
| Swisscom | Salt | Salt / Sunrise | Salt | Same | |
| EE | EE | Vodafone UK | Three UK | Differs | |
| A1 | life:) | A1 / life:) | A1 (velcom) / MTS Belarus | Differs | |
| A1 | A1 Bulgaria | Yettel / A1 | A1 / Vivacom / Yettel | Differs | |
| O2 | O2 / T-Mobile | O2 / Vodafone | O2 / Vodafone | Same | |
| TDC / Nuuday | 3 (Hi3G) | Telia | Telia / 3 | Differs | |
| Telia | Elisa Eesti | Tele2 / Elisa | Elisa / Telia | Differs | |
| Elisa | DNA | DNA / Elisa | Elisa, DNA and Telia | Same | |
| Magyar Telekom | Yettel | Yettel / One | Yettel / One | Same | |
| Siminn | Nova | Siminn / Vodafone / Nova | Siminn / Vodafone / Nova | Same | |
| LMT | LMT | Tele2 / Bite | LMT / Tele2 | Differs | |
| Telia | Telia / Tele2 | Telia / Tele2 | Telia / Bite | Same | |
| Orange | Orange Moldova | Orange Moldova | Orange / Moldcell / Moldtelecom (Unite) | Differs | |
| Telenor | Telenor / Telia | Telia | Telenor / Telia | Same | |
| Orange | Play / T-Mobile | Orange / T-Mobile | Orange / Play | Differs | |
| Orange | Orange Romania | Vodafone / Digi | Digi / Vodafone / Orange | Differs | |
| Orange | Orange / O2 | Orange / O2 | Orange / O2 / Telekom | Same | |
| Telia | Telia / Tele2 | Tele2 / Telia | Telia / Tele2 | Same | |
| Kyivstar | lifecell (plus partners) | Vodafone Ukraine / lifecell | Kyivstar / Vodafone Ukraine | Differs | |
| Vodafone | One Albania | Vodafone Albania / One Albania | Vodafone Albania | Differs | |
| BH Telecom | BH Telecom | BH Telecom / HT Eronet | BH Telecom / m:tel | Same | |
| Hrvatski Telekom | Hrvatski Telekom / A1 | A1 / Telemach | A1 / Hrvatski Telekom | Same | |
| Cyta | Cytamobile-Vodafone / PrimeTel | Cyta / Epic | Cyta / PrimeTel | Differs | |
| Cosmote | Cosmote / Vodafone Greece | Vodafone Greece / Wind | Cosmote | Differs | |
| TIM / Vodafone | WindTre / Vodafone | TIM / Vodafone | Vodafone / TIM | Same | |
| Vala | IPKO | IPKO | IPKO / Monaco Telecom | Same | |
| GO | Epic | Epic / GO | Epic / GO / Melita | Same | |
| Crnogorski Telekom | m:tel | m:tel / Crnogorski Telekom | m:tel / One / Crnogorski Telekom | Same | |
| A1 / Telekom | A1 Makedonija | Makedonski Telekom | A1 Makedonija / Makedonski Telekom | Differs | |
| MTS | Yettel / A1 Srbija | Yettel / A1 Srbija | mts / A1 Srbija / Yettel | Same | |
| Telekom Slovenije | T-2 / Telemach | Telekom Slovenije / A1 | A1 / Telekom Slovenije / Telemach | Differs | |
| Turkcell | Turk Telekom | Turkcell / Turk Telekom | Turkcell / Turk Telekom | Same | |
| Team | Viva | Team Telecom / Ucom / Viva | Viva | Same | |
| Azercell | Azercell | Bakcell | Bakcell / Azercell | Differs | |
| Batelco | stc Bahrain | Batelco (Beyon) / Zain | stc Bahrain / Batelco | Differs | |
| Magti | Cellfie / Silknet | Cellfie / Silknet | Magti / Cellfie | Same | |
| Cellcom | Cellcom | Partner | Partner / Pelephone | Differs | |
| Zain | Orange / Zain / Umniah | Zain | Zain / Orange | Same | |
| Zain | Zain Kuwait | Zain / stc Kuwait | Ooredoo Kuwait | Differs | |
| Omantel | Omantel | Omantel | Omantel / Ooredoo | Same | |
| Ooredoo | Vodafone Qatar | Vodafone Qatar | Ooredoo | Differs | |
| STC | Zain | Zain | STC | Differs | |
| Etisalat | Etisalat (e&) | du | Not named on the product page | Differs | |
| Vodafone | Orange / Vodafone | Vodafone / Orange | Vodafone / Orange | Same | |
| Maroc Telecom | Orange | Maroc Telecom / Orange | Maroc Telecom / Inwi | Differs | |
| Ooredoo | Ooredoo | Ooredoo / Orange / Tunisie Telecom | Tunisie Telecom | Differs | |
| Djezzy | Ooredoo / Mobilis | Ooredoo | Djezzy / Ooredoo Algerie | Differs | |
| MTN | AT (AirtelTigo) | AT (AirtelTigo) | Telecel / AT | Same | |
| Orange | Orange or MTN | Orange Cameroun | Orange or MTN | Differs | |
| Orange | Orange Côte d'Ivoire | Orange / MTN | Orange Côte d'Ivoire | Differs | |
| MTN | Airtel / Glo / MTN (Nigercell) | Airtel Nigeria | Airtel Nigeria / MTN Nigeria | Differs | |
| Orange | Yas Senegal (formerly Free) | Yas / Orange | Orange Senegal (Sonatel) | Differs | |
| MTN | Celtiis / MTN (page lists both) | Celtiis | MTN Benin | Differs | |
| MTN | Airtel Congo | Airtel Congo | Airtel or MTN | Differs | |
| Moov Africa | Gabon Telecom (Moov Africa) | Airtel | Airtel | Differs | |
| Orange | Orange Guinee | MTN / Orange | Orange Guinee | Differs | |
| Orange Bissau | Orange Bissau | Orange Bissau | Orange Bissau | Same | |
| Orange | MTN (Lonestar Cell MTN) | Orange Liberia | Orange Liberia / Lonestar | Differs | |
| Africell | Zain (as listed) | Orange / Africell | Orange / Africell | Differs | |
| Safaricom | Safaricom | Airtel Kenya | Airtel Kenya | Differs | |
| my.t / Emtel | Emtel | Emtel | my.t (Cellplus) | Differs | |
| Cable & Wireless | Airtel Seychelles | Airtel Seychelles | Airtel Seychelles | Same | |
| Vodacom | Vodacom | Yas (Tigo) | Vodacom | Differs | |
| Yas | Airtel Madagascar | Airtel / Yas (ex-Telma) | Airtel Madagascar | Differs | |
| MTN Rwanda | Airtel Rwanda (listed as Tigo Rwanda) | Airtel Rwanda (4G) | MTN Rwanda | Differs | |
| MTN Uganda | Airtel Uganda | Airtel Uganda | Airtel Uganda / MTN Uganda | Same | |
| MTC | TN Mobile (Telecom Namibia) | TN Mobile (Telecom Namibia) | Not sold here | Same | |
| Vodacom | MTN / Cell C | MTN | Vodacom / MTN | Same | |
| Mascom | Mascom | Orange Botswana | Mascom / Orange Botswana | Differs | |
| Vodacom | Vodacom | Vodacom | Vodacom | Same | |
| Airtel | Airtel Zambia (4G) | MTN Zambia | MTN Zambia / Airtel Zambia | Differs | |
| MTN Eswatini | MTN Eswatini | MTN or Eswatini Mobile | Eswatini Mobile (listed as Swazi Mobile) | Differs | |
| Airtel | Access Communication | Airtel | Airtel | Differs | |
| Grameenphone | Grameenphone | Banglalink | Grameenphone | Differs | |
| Jio / Airtel | Airtel | Jio / Airtel | Airtel / Jio | Same | |
| Kcell | Kcell | Beeline Kazakhstan | Tele2 Kazakhstan / Beeline | Differs | |
| Beeline | Beeline Kyrgyzstan | Beeline Kyrgyzstan | Beeline Kyrgyzstan | Same | |
| Dhiraagu | Ooredoo Maldives | Dhiraagu | Dhiraagu | Differs | |
| Mobicom | Mobicom | Mobicom | Mobicom | Same | |
| Ncell | Ncell | Ncell | Nepal Telecom (NTC) | Differs | |
| Jazz | Zong | Jazz | Zong (CMPak) | Differs | |
| Dialog | Dialog | Hutch / Dialog | Dialog / Mobitel | Same | |
| Tcell | ZET-Mobile (Tacom) | ZET-Mobile (Tacom) | ZET-Mobile (Tacom) | Same | |
| Ucell | Beeline Uzbekistan (Unitel) | Beeline Uzbekistan | Beeline Uzbekistan | Same | |
| Telkomsel | Telkomsel | Indosat Ooredoo Hutchison | XL Axiata | Differs | |
| Smart | Smart / Metfone | Metfone | Metfone | Same | |
| China Unicom | China Unicom (via intl gateway) | China Unicom (via Hong Kong) | China Mobile (intl roaming) | Differs | |
| CSL | 3 HK (Three) | CSL / 1010 | China Mobile Hong Kong | Differs | |
| Telkomsel | Telkomsel | Indosat Ooredoo Hutchison | XL Axiata | Differs | |
| SoftBank | SoftBank | NTT Docomo | SoftBank / NTT Docomo | Differs | |
| Unitel | ETL | Lao Telecom (LTC) | Lao Telecom (LTC) | Differs | |
| CTM | Macao Mobile (Hutchison on unlimited) | CTM | CTM | Differs | |
| Maxis | Maxis | Maxis / CelcomDigi | Maxis / CelcomDigi | Same | |
| Globe | Globe | Globe | Smart / Globe | Same | |
| Singtel | Singtel | Singtel / StarHub | Singtel | Same | |
| SK Telecom | SK Telecom | LG U+ | KT | Differs | |
| Chunghwa | Chunghwa Telecom | FarEasTone / Taiwan Mobile | Chunghwa Telecom | Differs | |
| AIS | AIS | dtac / AIS | AIS | Same | |
| Viettel | Viettel | Mobifone / Vinaphone | Viettel / Vinaphone | Differs | |
| Telstra | Telstra | Vodafone AU | Optus | Differs | |
| Vodafone Fiji | Digicel Fiji | Vodafone Fiji | Digicel Fiji | Differs | |
| Spark | One NZ / Spark | Spark | Spark / One NZ | Same | |
| Digicel | Digicel PNG (sold as Sivoli Mobile) | bmobile (Telikom) | Digicel PNG | Differs | |
| Digicel | Digicel Tonga | Digicel Tonga | Digicel Tonga | Same | |
| Vodafone Vanuatu | Digicel Vanuatu | Digicel Vanuatu | Digicel Vanuatu | Same | |
| BTC | BTC | BTC | Aliv | Differs | |
| Bell / Telus | Rogers / Bell | Telus / Rogers | Bell / Rogers | Same | |
| Claro | Claro | Claro | Claro / Altice | Same | |
| Digicel / Flow | Flow | Flow | Digicel | Differs | |
| Telcel | Telcel / AT&T Mexico | AT&T Mexico / Telcel | Telcel | Same | |
| Claro / Liberty | T-Mobile | Liberty Puerto Rico | Claro Puerto Rico | Differs | |
| AT&T / T-Mobile | T-Mobile | AT&T / Verizon | AT&T / T-Mobile | Differs | |
| SETAR | Digicel | SETAR | Digicel | Differs | |
| Flow / Digicel | Digicel | Flow | Digicel | Differs | |
| One Communications | Digicel and One Communications (Digicel Jamaica profile) | Digicel | Digicel | Same | |
| Digicel | Digicel (sold under the Lucnet operator name) | Flow | Digicel | Differs | |
| Digicel | Digicel | Digicel | Digicel Trinidad and Tobago | Differs | |
| Digicel | Digicel | Flow | Digicel | Differs | |
| Flow | Flow (4G) | Flow | Not named on the product page | Differs | |
| Digicel | Digicel | Flow | Digicel | Differs | |
| Digicel | Digicel | Flow | Flow | Differs | |
| Orange Caraibe | Digicel (sold as Guanet) | Orange Caraibe | Digicel | Differs | |
| Orange Caraibe | Digicel | Digicel | Digicel | Same | |
| Digicel | Digicel (sold under the Kittcom operator name) | Flow | Flow | Differs | |
| Digicel / Flow | Digicel | Flow | Flow | Differs | |
| Flow / Digicel | Digicel and Flow (sold under the Tuca Mobile operator name) | Flow | Digicel | Differs | |
| Liberty | T-Mobile (sold as Magens Mobile) | Liberty (listed as Liberty Puerto Rico) | Not named on the product page | Differs | |
| Claro / Personal | Movistar | Movistar | Claro | Differs | |
| Digi | Smart (Speednet Communications) | Digi (Belize Telemedia) | Digi / DigiCell (Belize Telemedia) | Differs | |
| Entel | Viva (Nuevatel PCS), plus partner networks | Tigo Bolivia (Telecel) | Tigo Bolivia (Telecel) | Differs | |
| Vivo | Claro / Vivo | Claro / Vivo | Vivo / TIM | Same | |
| Entel | Movistar | Movistar | Entel | Differs | |
| Claro | Tigo | Claro | Claro / Movistar | Differs | |
| Kolbi | Liberty / Claro | Claro / Liberty | Liberty / Claro | Same | |
| Claro | Movistar / Otecel | Movistar | Movistar | Same | |
| Claro / Tigo | Movistar | Claro | Tigo / Claro / Movistar | Differs | |
| Tigo | Tigo / Claro | Tigo / Claro | Tigo | Same | |
| Tigo | Tigo (Telefonica Celular, listed as Celtel) | Claro (Servicios de Comunicaciones de Honduras) | Tigo Honduras | Differs | |
| Claro | Claro Nicaragua (Enitel) | Claro Nicaragua (Enitel S.A.) | Tigo Nicaragua (Millicom) | Differs | |
| +Movil | +Movil | +Movil | Tigo | Differs | |
| Tigo | Tigo | Claro (America Movil) | Claro and Tigo | Differs | |
| Claro | Claro / Movistar | Entel | Claro / Movistar | Differs | |
| Antel | Claro | Movistar | Antel / Movistar / Claro | Differs | |
| Orange Caraibe | Digicel | Digicel / SFR Caraibe | Digicel | Same | |
| Digicel | One Communications (listed as GTT) | One Communications (listed as GTT) | Digicel Guyana | Differs | |
| Telesur | Digicel | Digicel | Digicel | Same |
Last reviewed August 2026. Some plans reach more than one partner network, in which case every known carrier is listed. Where a provider registers on several, your phone picks the strongest available.
How to read this
The useful question is not which travel eSIM is best. It is which network you want to be on where you are going, and then which provider sells you access to it. A provider riding the market leader in Kenya may be riding the weakest of four operators in Poland, and nothing on its website will tell you.
Three practical rules fall out of the data. First, in cities this rarely matters: every national operator covers its own capital well, so a Same or Differs verdict changes little for a weekend in a European capital. Second, it matters most where terrain does: mountain roads, islands, deserts, national parks and long rural drives are where operators diverge, and where the wrong network becomes a real problem rather than an inconvenience. Third, when providers do share a network, stop comparing coverage claims entirely and compare price, hotspot policy and how each one handles top-ups, because the signal in your hand will be identical.
Method
Every entry comes from the research behind the destination guide it links to, where the network a provider uses is established alongside the coverage, pricing and carrier detail for that country. Names are recorded as the operator brands them locally, so an entry may differ from the parent group name. The Same and Differs verdict is computed by comparing carrier names across the providers that actually sell each country, treating local sub-brands as their parent network where they share infrastructure. Where a provider has no product for a country, it is marked Not sold here and left out of the verdict for that row.
Two honest limits. Wholesale agreements change without announcement, so an entry can go stale between reviews; we re-check on the same cadence as the guide it is drawn from. And a plan that reaches several partner networks does not let you choose between them manually, so treat multi-carrier entries as the set your phone may select from rather than a menu.
Frequently asked questions
Do travel eSIM providers run their own networks?
No. Airalo, Nomad and Holafly are resellers. They buy wholesale access and your phone registers on a local carrier's towers, exactly like a roaming visitor. That is why the brand on the app matters far less than the network sitting behind it, and why two travellers standing together with different eSIMs can see very different signal.
Why does it matter which network my eSIM uses?
Because national carriers are not equal outside the cities. In the 97 countries on this map where the three providers do not share a network, picking one over another decides whether you have a signal on a rural road, in a mountain valley or on a stretch of coast. In cities the difference is usually invisible.
Can a provider change which network it uses?
Yes, and it happens quietly. Wholesale agreements get renegotiated, and a provider can switch carrier in a country without announcing it. Some plans also register on whichever of several partner networks is strongest, so the entry here lists every carrier the plan is known to reach. Treat this map as accurate as of its last review date, not as a contractual guarantee.
Which provider has the best network overall?
None of them, consistently. That is the honest answer this data supports. Each provider leads in some countries and trails in others, which is why we publish a per-country pick in each destination guide rather than crowning one provider globally.
What does the Same or Differs column mean?
Same means all three providers reach at least one common carrier in that country, so your choice is about price, hotspot rules and app quality rather than coverage. Differs means at least one provider is on a network the others do not touch, so coverage genuinely enters the decision.
What if a provider does not sell that country at all?
Then its column reads Not sold here and it is excluded from the verdict. Namibia is the current example: Airalo and Nomad both ride TN Mobile, while Holafly publishes no Namibia product, so the row is judged on the two providers you can actually buy. An absent provider is not the same thing as a provider on a different carrier, and treating it as one would wrongly report the country as split.
How often is this map updated?
It is rebuilt from our country research every time a new destination cluster ships, and the network entries are re-checked on the same cadence as the guides they come from. This edition was last reviewed in August 2026.